四、考点精讲
一、核心词汇
1.neither det & pron.
[考点点拨] neither有多种词性:
(1) neither用作代词时意为“两者都不”,常用于neither of的结构,neither of…作主语时,通常被视为单数,但从意义上来讲也可视为复数,因此其谓语动词既可以用单数也可以用复数。如:
Neither of the cars was/were damaged.
两部车都没有受损。
He answered neither of the letters.
他两封信都没回。
(2) neither用作形容词时,意为“(两者之中)均无的,两者皆非的”,放在单数名词之前,修饰名词。如:
Neither article is made in Beijing.
这两个物品都不是在北京制造的。
(3) neither用作连词时,常用短语为neither…nor…,意为“既不……也不……”。如:
I have neither time nor money.
我既没时间也没钱。
(4) neither用作副词时,意为“也不”。此时应该放在句首,表示前面否定的内容也适用于另一个人或物,句子采用倒装结构,此时也可用nor替换neither。如:
-I don't like this dress.
我不喜欢这件连衣裙。
- Neither/Nor do I.
我也不喜欢。
2.born adj.
[考点点拨- born用作形容词时,意为“天生的”,常用作定语。如:
The mother gazed with love at her new born baby.
母亲充满爱地凝视着她刚出生的婴儿。
His father is a born writer.
他爸爸是一位天生的作家。
born还可以是动词bear(生,生育)的过去分词,意为“出生”。如:
I was born in a small city near Guangzhou.
我出生在离广州不远的一个小城市。
3.attention n.
[考点点拨] attention意为“注意,专心”,是不可数名词,不能与不定冠词连用,没有复数形式。pay attention to,give attention to,bring attention to中的to是介词,后面跟名词、代词或动名词;attract/catch one's attention吸引/抓住某人的注意力。如:
You must pay close attention to his eyes.
你必须密切关注他的眼睛。
关于attention的常用口语有:
May/Could I have your attention, please?
请各位注意。
Attention,please.
请注意。
Thank you for your attention
谢谢。(发言/演讲结束时用)
二、核心句型
1. Samuel is creative. He often comes up with new ideas.
塞缪尔富有创造力。他经常想出新点子。
[考点点拨] come up with想出,提出。如:
She came up with a new suggestion to solve the problem.
她提出了一个解决这个问题的新建议。
2. I'm ready to take on new challenges any time.
我随时准备接受新的挑战。
[考点点拨] take on在本句中意为“接受”,take on challenges接受挑战。如:
No one would like to take on this challenge.
没有人愿意接受这项挑战。
三、重点语法
1.连词and,but,or和so的用法
英语中,连词是连接单词、短语或者句子的一种虚词,在句中不单独作任何成分。按照性质,连词可以分为并列连词和从属连词。由并列连词连接的两个(或两个以上)简单句叫作并列句,由从属连词连接的句子叫作复合句。并列连词可以用来表示并列关系、转折关系、选择关系或因果关系等。
(1) and意为“和,又”,用来连接两个语法意义上相同的词、短语或句子,表示并列或附加关系。如:
English and Chinese are different languages.
英语与汉语是不同的语言。
如果连接的两个句子主语相同,and后就不必重复第一个主语。如:
We saw the tower and(省略we) liked it very much.
我们看到了塔并非常喜欢它。
如果连接的两个句子主语和动词相同,and后就不必重复前面的主语和动词。如:
He felt cold and(省略he felt) hungry.
他感到既冷又饿。、
(2) but意为“但是,然而,却”,可用来连接两个有对立或对照性关系的词、短语或句子,表示一种转折关系。如:
He likes singing, but his sister likes dancing.
他喜欢唱歌,但他妹?喜欢跳舞。
(3) or意为“或者,还是”,表示一种选择关系。如:
Are you coming or not?
你来不来?
or如果连接两个主语时,谓语动词的单、复数形式与
or后面的主语保持一致,即遵循“就近原则”。如:
James or Helen is going to tell us a story.
詹姆斯或海伦将会给我们讲故事。
(4) so意为“因此,所以”,常用来连接两个简单句,这两个简单句有意思上的因果关系。如:
The rain began to fall, so we went home.
雨开始下了,所以我们就回家了。
so和从属连词because(因为)不能一起连用。也就是说,使用了并列连词so,就不能用从属连词because; 使用了because,就不用so。如:
He was ill, so he didn't go to school.
= He didn't go to school because he was ill.
他病了,没去上学。
2. both…and…, not only…but (also)…, either…
or…和neither…nor…的用法
(1)both…and…意为“……和……(两者)都……”,可以连接句子中任意两个对等的成分。在连接主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。如:
Both Millie and Kate are good at English
米莉和凯特都擅长英语。
(2) not only…but (also)…不但……而且……,是并列连词,在句中可连接相同的成分。连接主语时,谓语动词应和最近的主语保持一致,即遵循“就近原则”。用法类似的有: either…or…或者……或者……;neither…nor…既不……也不……如:
Not only the students but also the teacher likes the film
不仅是学生,而且老师也喜欢这部电影。(连接主语)
She not only sings well but also dances well.
她不但唱得好而且跳得也好。(连接谓语)
He plays not only the violin but also the piano.
他不但拉小提琴而且也弹钢琴。(连接宾语)
Either you or I am wrong.
或者是你错了或者是我错了。
Neither you nor I am wrong.
你和我都没有错。
考点精练
一、单项选择
( )1. (2014.青岛)Peter can play the guitar, _______ he can't play it very well.
A.because B.so C and D but
( )2. (2014.南通)You can join the Reading Club _______ you can go to the Dancing Club. Either is OK.
A.and B or C but D.so
( )3. (2014.滨州) - How do you like the two pairs of shorts?
- They don't fit me well. They are_______ too long_______ too short.
A. not only; but also B both; and
C neither; nor D. either; or
( )4. (2014.广州) -Would you like tea or coffee?
- _______, thanks! I'd prefer a coke.
A Both B Neither C.All D Some
( )5. (2014.菏泽)'Learning from Lei Feng Day' is only two weeks from now. We need to_______ a plan about it.
A.come up with B.put up
C.call up D.set up
( )6. When you visit a museum, you should _______ the instructions and don't be against them.
A. compare with B. look forward to
C pay attention to D. try out
二、用所给动词的适当形式填空
1. Both Alice and Mike_______ (be) going to the zoo next Sunday.
2. Not only the twins but also Millie_______ (dance) very well.
3.I think Millie is a_______ (bear) monitor.
三、根据汉语提示完成句子
1.(2014.黄石)我感到很惊讶,我和戴维都未受邀参加这个晚会。
I felt surprised that _______ David_______ I was invited to take part in the evening.
2.(2014.北京)咱们选迈克当班长怎么样?他不仅诚实,而且守信。
Shall we make Mike our monitor? He is _______.
3.你应该足够勇敢,接受任何挑战。
You should be brave enough______________.