牛津译林版英语八年级下册Unit2 Travelling Grammar教案
I. Teaching aims and learning objectives：
By the end of the lesson, students should be able to:
1. know the usages of have/has been and have/has gone;
2. use for and since to express a period of time in the present perfect tense;
3. use proper verbs to show a continuous state in the present perfect tense.
II. Teaching contents：
1. New words and phrases: sand, over, marry, dead, on the first day of, dolphin show
2. New structures: Millie and Amy have been to South Hill.
Kitty and her family have gone to Hong Kong.
I see Andy playing on the sand too.
Mr Dong has lived here for many years.
Mr Dong has lived here since he was born.
III. Focus of the lesson and predicted area of difficulty
1. The difference between have/has been and have/has gone, for and since.
2. Verbs used for a continuous state.
IV. Teaching procedures
A Using have/has been and have/has gone
Step 1 Presentation & observation
1. Present have/has been by self-introduction
T: I like travelling very much. I have been to many places. Look! Where have I been to? Yes, Hong Kong.
T: I went there on 16th February and stayed there for one week. Today is 17th March, and I am already back. So I can say I have been to Hong Kong.
T: I have also been to Hainan and I have been to Xi’an twice, but I have never been to Maldives.
【设计意图：教师通过介绍自己的旅行经历，向学生输入目标语法：have/has been to。】
T: Would you please share your travelling experiences with me? You can use “have/has been to” to ask and answer in pairs like this.
2. Ask the students to introduce the places they have been to
【设计意图：要求学生介绍自己去过的地方，在语境中进行操练。】
3. Present have/has gone by introducing Sun Li and Deng Chao’s experiences
T: This is my friend, Sun Li. She followed my advice and went to Hong Kong two days ago, and she sent me a photo just now. She is still there in Disneyland. Oh, she has gone to Hong Kong.
T: Where is her husband, Deng Chao? He is not in Hong Kong; he has gone to Hangzhou to prepare for the second season of the programme Runnning Man.
【设计意图：用孙俪和邓超此刻所处的地点来进行目标语法have/has gone to的输入】
Step 2 Working out the rules
Help the students find out the differences between the two sentence structures by observing the sentences.
T: Do you know the differences between “have/has gone to” and “have/has been to”?
T: If we say someone has been to some place, we mean that someone has visited the place sometime in his life. In other words, “has been to” refers to an experience.
T: However, we use “have/has gone to” to express the idea that someone went to a place but has not returned yet.
【设计意图：引导学生对比have/has gone to和have/has been to这两组例句，观察并总结两者差异。】
Step 3 Practice
1. Finish Part A1
2. Describe the schedule
T: This is Deng Chao and his friends’ schedule in the recent months. Work in pairs and use “have/has been and have/has gone” to talk about their schedule. You can use the dialogue on the screen as a model.
【设计意图：让学生在语境中运用两个目标语法。】
B Verbs with for and since
Step 1 Presentation & observation
Present the usages of for and since by introducing the schedule.
T: Look at Deng Chao’s schedule: how long has he stayed in Hangzhou? He went there in March and he is still there at present, so he has stayed there since March. It has been a month since he went there. So we also can say “He has stayed there for a month.”
T: Sun Li went to Hong Kong two days ago and she is still there at present. In other words, she has stayed there since two days ago, or she has stayed there for three days.
【设计意图：用孙俪和邓超的行程来引入for和since的用法。】
Step 2 Working out the rules
Help the students find out the differences and rules.
T: Can you find out the differences between for and since? Great! We can add a time point in the past after “since” and use “for” when we talk about a period of time.
【设计意图：引导学生观察语言现象，总结语法规律，发现两者差异。】
Step 3 Practice
Fill in the blanks
T: Use since or for to fill in the blanks.
【设计意图：操练并检查学生对for和since的掌握情况。】
Step 4 Presentation
Explain how to use the continuous state of a verb properly in the present perfect tense with the help of the schedule.
T: We know that Deng Chao went to Hangzhou in March, so we can say he has gone to Hangzhou. It has been a month since he went there, but it is wrong of us to say he has gone there for a month. The verb “go” is a non-continuous verb. So it is proper to say he has been in Hangzhou for a month.
T: Zheng Kai has left Chongqing, and it has been some days. Zheng Kai has been away from Chongqing for some days.
T: This form shows more about how to show a continuous state in the present perfect tense.
【设计意图：用跑男们的行程表配合时间轴来将短暂性、动词延续性动词的用法具体化、直观化，并列出常用表。】
Step 5 Practice
1. Fill the blanks with have/has been or have/has gone
2. Finish the profile
T: Please finish my best friend Betty’s profile. Pay attention to the verbs used in a continuous state.
3. Complete the passage
T: Kitty is telling Millie about her trip in Hong Kong. Complete what she says with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets.
【设计意图：在句子、短文的语境中巩固延续性动词的用法。】
4. Write about the running men’s schedule
T: Let’s have a look at the running men’s schedule again. Now use the grammar points we’ve learnt today to write about their experiences. You can follow the tips on the screen.
【设计意图：要求学生用本节课所学的语法知识来描述跑男们的日程表，在语用中将语法知识内化为自己的语言技能。】
V. Homework
Use the grammar items we’ve learnt today to write down your travelling experiences.