中考英语一轮复习教案(牛津译林版8A Unit5)
三、语法复习
（一）情态动词may的用法
1、当我们猜测某事发生的可能性时，常用may来表示“也许”、“可能”。may表示“可能”时，通常只用于肯定句和否定句中，相当于possibly、perhaps或maybe。
The news may be true.= Maybe [Perhaps] the news is true. 这个新闻可能是真的。
The news may not be true.= Maybe [Perhaps] the news isn’t true. 这个新闻可能不是真的。
He is away on business. He may not come to the party this evening.
他出差了，可能不来参加今天晚上的聚会。
2、我们可以用情态动词may来表示许可。
You may have the cake now. 现在你可以吃蛋糕了。
—May I see the letter? 我可以看看这封信吗？
—Yes, you can/may. 是的，你可以。
或—No, you can’t/may not/mustn’t. 不，你不能/不允许。
3、must may can 表示可能性时的区别
①must表示推测“可能性”时，意思是“一定、准是”，语气较肯定，较有把握。must表推测只能用于肯定句。
He must know my address. 他肯定知道我的地址。（一定）
②can表示推测“可能性”时，往往用于否定句或疑问句。can’t表示“一定不、肯定不”的意思，语气很肯定。can在疑问句中意思是“会、可能”，询问某种可能。
He can’t know my address. 他肯定不知道我的地址。（一定不）
Can he know my address? 他知道我的地址吗？（询问可能性）
③may表示推测“可能性”时，语气没有must肯定，通常只用于肯定句和否定句中。may意思是“可能”、“也许”， may not意思是“可能不”、“也许不”。
4、练习
(1) John __________ come to see us tonight, but he isn't very sure yet.
A. may B. need C. can’t D. must
(2) —He __________ be in the classroom, I think.
—No, he ________ be in the classroom. I saw him go home a minute ago.
A. can; may not B. must; may not C. may; can't D. may; mustn't
(3) ______ I see your ID card, sir? We have to check your information.
A. Must B. Should C. May D. Need
(4) —There’s somebody at the door. Who _______ it be? Is it the postman.
—No, it ______ be him. It’s just six o’clock. It’s too early.
A. can; can’t B. may; can’t C. can; mustn’t D. must; may not
（二）动词不定式作宾语
1、动词不定式概述
①动词不定式的基本形式是“to+动词原形”，否定形式是“not to+动词原形”。
②动词不定式没有人称，数和时态的变化。
③在句子中不能作谓语，但可以充当除谓语之外的任何成分（主语、表语、宾语、状语、宾语补足语等）。
2、动词不定式做宾语注意点
①agree, choose, decide, hope, learn, plan, prepare, promise, refuse, seem, want, wish等动词后直接跟动词不定式作宾语。
②有的动词（如begin, start, like等）既可接动词不定式作宾语，也可接动词-ing形式作宾语，且含义基本相同。
③“疑问词（how, what, where, which, when等）+ 动词不定式”结构可跟在一些动词（tell, show, teach, know等）后作宾语。
④如果作宾语的动词不定式很长，为了保持句子平衡，可用it作形式宾语，而将真正的宾语（动词不定式）后置。
⑤有的动词既可接动词不定式作宾语，也可接动词-ing形式作宾语，但意义区别比较明显，如：forget/remember to do sth.（忘记/记住要做某事）；forget/remember doing sth.（忘记/记得做过某事）；stop to do sth.（停下来去做另一件事）；stop doing sth.（停止正在做的事）。
3、练习
(1) —Why did you choose _____________ (sit) in the front of the coach?
—Because I often feel sick on the coach.
(2)I need someone to share my worries with. I wonder whom __________ (go) to for help.
(3)You must promise _____________ (not be) late again.
(4)When the teacher came, the students stopped ____________ (talk) and began to read.
(5)When he met me in the street, he stopped ____________ (talk) with me.
(6)I remember _________ (close) the windows, but it is open now.
(7) —Sam, can you tell me __________?
—Try Music World on Gulou Street.
A. why to buy a CD B. where to get a CD
C. how to choose a CD D. when to record a CD
(8) At times, parents find it difficult ________ with their teenage children.
A. talk B. talked C. talking D. to talk
(9)Do you think ____________ possible to finish so much work in such a short time.
A. this B that C. that is D. it
（三）后缀 ing, ness , ion 将动词或形容词变成名词
1、v. + -ing → n.
mean—meaning feel—feeling meet—meeting hunt—hunting
begin—beginning shop—shopping paint—painting read—reading
2、adj. + ness → n.
ill—illness kind—kindness sick—sickness dark—darkness
sad—sadness happy—happiness blind—blindness fit—fitness
great—greatness ugly—ugliness busy—business careless—carelessness
3、v. + ion → n.
act—action discuss—discussion collect—collection celebrate—celebration
invite—invitation decide—dec ision protect—protection invent—invention
attract—attraction donate—donation introduce—introduction operate—operation
educate—education pollute—pollution produce—production organize—organization
examine—examination prepare—preparation
4、v. + ment → n.
move—movement develop—development advertise—advertisement treat—treatment
5、其他
fly—flight die—death