一、核心词汇
1．shake n．
[考点点拨] shake意为“摇动，震动”，作名词时是可数名词，通常用单数。如：
Give the bottle a good shake before opening.
打开瓶子前先好好摇一摇。
shake还可以用作及物动词或不及物动词，过去式和过去分词分别是shook和shaken。shake one's hand和某人握手。如：
The earth shook under us.
大地在我们脚下摇晃。
He shook her hand warmly.
他热情地与她握手。
shaking作名词用时，是不可数名词，不能和不定冠词连用。如：
Stay in the open air until the shaking stops.
待在户外直到摇晃停止。
2. loud adj.
[考点点拨] loud意为“响亮的；大声的；喧闹的”，用作形容词时，可以作定语或表语。如：
Millie has a loud voice.
米莉嗓门大。
The music is too loud
音乐太吵了。
loud还可以用作副词，和loudly同义，一般只与动词speak，talk，laugh，sing等连用，且必须放在这些动词之后。如：
I can't hear you, please speak louder.
我听不见，请说大声些。
3．fear n．
[考点点拨]fear作名词时意为“害怕，恐惧”，in fear惊恐地，相当于一个副词．be in fear of…＝be afraid of…意为“害怕……”。如：
He is in fear of dogs.＝He is afraid of dogs.他怕狗。
4．direction n.
[考点点拨] direction名词，意为“方向”，direct动词，意为“指导”；director名词，意为“导演”；direct形容词，意为“直接的”；directly副词，意为“直接地”。in all directions四面八方；向各个方向。如：
She has a poor sense of direction.
她方向感很差。
Not all the projects are the ones I direct myself.
不是所有项目都由我自己指导的。
Tom wants to be a director in the future.
汤姆将来想当一名导演。
All genuine knowledge originates in direct experience.
一切真知都起源于直接经验。
How do you finish the work without directly asking the other people?
在不直接询问他人的情况下，你是如何完成这项工作的呢？
The balls run rapidly in all directions on the paper.
球在纸上向各个方向快速移动。
5．silent adj．
[考点点拨] silent意为“寂静的；沉默的”，它的名词形式是silence，多指不讲话；quiet意为“安静的”，指不弄出响声。如：
We should keep quiet in the reading room
在阅览室我们应保持安静。
The girl is introverted and keeps silent all the time.
这个女孩性格内向，自始至终没讲一句话。
二、核心句型
1. Who will mop up the water if I go home without you?
假如我不带着你回家，谁把水拖干净呢？
[考点点拨] mop作名词时，意为“拖把”；作动词时，意为“用拖把擦干净”。mop up意为“把……拖干净”，它的宾语如果是代词，则代词必须放在中间。如：
The floor is wet. Mop it up, Bill.
地板湿了。比尔，把它拖干净。
2. Lightning hit a classroom building and it caught fire.
一幢教学楼被闪电击中而着火了。
[考点点拨] catch fire意为“着火”，强调动作；on fire也意为“着火”，强调状态，有be burning之意。其中fire是不可数名词，只有作“火灾”讲时是可数名词。如：
When did the house catch fire?
房子什么时候着火的？
Look! The house is on fire.
瞧！那房子着火了。
3.I could not see anything at all, and I did not know if
anyone else was near me.
我根本什么也看不到，而且我不知道我附近是否有其他人。
[考点点拨] not…at all意为“根本不，一点也不”。如：
I am not busy at all today.
今天我一点儿也不忙。
not at all还可以用于以下情况：
(1)用于回答感谢，意为“不用谢；不客气”。如：
- Thank you very much多谢你了。
- Not at all．不客气。
(2)用于回答带有感谢性质的客套话，意为“没什么；哪里哪里”。如：
- You are very kind.你真好。
- Not at all.哪里，哪里。
(3)用于回答道歉，意为“没关系”。如：
- I'm sorry I'm late．
对不起，我迟到了。
- Oh, not at all, please come in.
噢，没关系，请进来。
4.A moment of fear went through my mind, but I told myself to calm down since l was still alive.
我的脑中掠过一阵恐惧，但我告诉自己要镇定下来，因为我仍然活着。
[考点点拨]alive是live的形容词形式，但它只能作表语或宾语补足语，不可以作定语，与dead相对。如：
He found himself still alive after the accident. It's lucky.
他发现他自己在事故后还活着。真是幸运。
三、重点语法
1．过去进行时
(1)过去进行时的含义
①在过去某一时刻正在进行的动作或发生的事（不强调是否完成）。如：
My mother was making cakes at 9:00 last night.
昨晚9点我母亲在做蛋糕。
②在过去某一阶段一直在进行的动作。如：
From 1980 to 1995, she was teaching in a school.
从1980年到1995年，她在学校任教。
(2)过去进行时的句式和过去进行时的基本结构肯定句用“was/were+现在分词”；否定句在was/were后面加上not，即：was/were not+现在分词；疑问句将was/were调至主语前面。如：
- Were you singing at that time?
那时候你在唱歌吗？
- Yes, I was.／No, I wasn't.
是的，我在。／不，我不在。
(3)常用时间状语：this time+过去时间（在过去的这一时间）；at that time在那时；from…to…从……到……之间。如：
What were you doing this time yesterday?
昨天这个时候你在干什么？
2．连词when，while和as与过去进行时
(1)当两个延续性动作同时进行时，两个句子都用过去进行时，并用while连接。如：
I was watching TV while my mother was cooking in the kitchen
当我母亲在厨房做饭时，我在看电视。
(2)在延续性动作进行的过程中发生了短暂性动作，可以用when，while或as来连接这两个动作，较长的动作用过去进行时表示，较短的动作用一般过去时表示。如：
I broke a bowl when/while/as l was cooking supper.
我在做晚饭时打破了一个碗。
(3)尽管while，as和when都可以和延续性动词连用，但通常短暂性动词只能与when或as连用。如：
They were talking noisily when Mr Wang walked in.
当王先生走进来时，他们正喧闹地谈论着。
As he woke up, it was eight o'clock.
他醒来时是八点钟。
(4) as多用于平行结构，表示两个动作同时发生、一个主语同时进行两个动作、一种状态随另一种状态的变化而变化。从句中多用表示动作的动词，而不用be动词或表示感觉、理解、知道这类的动词。如：
As he stood there, he saw two men enter the bar.
当他站在那儿时，他看见两个人走进了酒吧。
(5)当when，while或as引导的从句放在前面时，要加逗号隔开两个句子。如：
While I was doing my homework, my mother came in.
当我在做作业时，我妈妈进来了。
考点精练
一、单项选择
( )1. Millie gave her brother a _______ to wake him up.
A shake B. shaking C. shook D. shaken
( )2. (2014 .威海)- Alan! Why are you so late?
- Sorry! When I _______ home, I met one of my old friends.
A went B. am walking C. has gone D. was walking
( )3. (2014.贵阳) In China and some other countries, it is impolite to speak loudly _______ you are having a meal.
A. before B. while C. after
( )4. - The floor is clean and dry now. Who _______? - Sorry, I don't know.
A. mopped it up B. has mopped it up
C. has mopped up it D. mopped up it
( )5. - Would you mind opening the windows to let fresh air enter the room. - _______.
A No, not at all B. Yes, I'll do that C. No, please not D. Yes, of course not
二、根据句意及中文提示完成单词
1. Who is speaking in such a_______ (大声的) voice in the room?
2. Most people are in _______(害怕) of the earthquake.
3. Tom went off in the _______(方向) of home
4. When Tim was asked why he was late for school, he just kept_______（沉默的).
5. I was too tired. I would fall_______ (睡着的) in one minute if there was a bed.
参考答案
一、1—5 ADBBA
二. 1. loud 2. fear 3. direction 4. silent 5. asleep