2017临沂市中考英语复习语法考点精讲+真题精炼：主谓一致
考点一 主谓一致的三个原则
1. 意义一致
意义一致就是根据句子主语的意义来确定谓语动词的单复数。如：
Maths is difficult for us. 数学对我们来说很难。
The police are trying to search for the thief on the hill. 警察们正在山上尽力搜查小偷。
例 The woman behind the girls a famous actress.
A. is B. are C. have D. has
解析：在本句中，句子主语为woman，所以谓语动词应用单数形式，排除B、C两项。本句为系表结构，排除D项。答案选A。
答案：A
2. 语法一致
语法一致即单数主语要用单数谓语动词，复数主语要用复数谓语动词。如：
My bike is under the tree. 我的自行车在树下。
These books are old. 这些书是旧的。
例 The Greens dinner in the kitchen now.
A. is having B. having
C. are having
解析：the Greens意为“格林一家；格林夫妇”，表复数意义，故选C。 答案：C
3. 就近原则
就近原则即当主语被某些连词(短语)连接时，谓语动词的数与离它最近的词保持一致。如：
Either my father or brother is coming.
我父亲来，要不然就是我弟弟来。
Not only you but also they are good students.
不仅你是好学生，而且他们也是好学生。
例 This is my twin sister，Lucy. Not only she but also I good at drawing.
A. is B. am C. are
解析：在not only... but also... 作主语的句子中，谓语动词的形式要根据but also后所跟的名词或代词而定。 答案：B
考点二 并列结构作主语
由and或both... and连接两个名词、代词作主语，表示不同的人或事物时，句子的谓语用复数。如：
John and Mike are good friends.
约翰和迈克是好朋友。
Both bread and milk are good for you.
面包和牛奶对你都有好处。
【注意】and连接的两个名词作主语，在意义上指同一人、同一物或同一概念时，谓语动词用单数。如：
The famous singer and dancer is coming to Chongqing. 那位著名的歌唱家兼舞蹈家要来重庆。
考点三 “名词+介词短语”作主语
名词或代词后接as well as，with，along with，together with，except，but等短语作主语时，谓语动词的形式应和介词短语前的名词或代词的人称和数保持一致。
She as well as other students likes playing computer games. 她和其他学生都喜欢玩电脑游戏。
He with his parents is working in the fields.
他正和他的父母在地里干活。
Nobody but you and me knows it.
除了你和我，没人知道。