2017临沂市中考复习语法考点精讲+真题精炼:简单句、并列句和复合句
考点二 并列句
两个或两个以上的简单句,用连词连起来,就构成了并列句。常用的连接词有:
1. 表示并列或顺承关系的有and,not only... but also,both... and,so等。如:
She not only gave us a lot of advice,but also helped us to overcome difficulties. 她不仅给了我们很多建议,而且帮助我们克服了困难。
例 Practice more, you’ll learn English better.
A. or B. so C. and D. but
解析:句意:多练习, 你的英语就能学得更好。or 否则,或者;so因此;and和,与;于是,然后;but 但是。空格前后为顺承关系,故选C。 答案:C
2. 表示选择关系的有or,either... or... ,neither... nor等。如:
Either you or Maria will have to go.
你或者玛丽亚得去一趟。
例 Don’t go to crowded places, you may have the flu easily.
A. and B. but C. or D. so
解析:句意:不要去拥挤的地方,否则你可能会很容易得流感。and 并且;but 但是;or否则;so所以。根据句意知选C。 答案:C
3. 表示转折关系的有but,yet,however等。如:
He is young,but he works hard.
他虽然年轻,但学习努力。
例 Going to the movies is good, I really only like listening to music.
A. and B. but C. so D. or
解析:句意:去看电影很好,但是我真的仅仅喜欢听音乐。and和;but但是;so所以;or或者。根据句意可知两句是转折关系,故选B。 答案:B
4. 表示因果关系的有for,so,therefore等。如:
He works hard,so he is a top student of the class.
他因为学习努力,所以是班里的优秀学生。
考点三 宾语从句
宾语从句在复合句中作宾语。宾语从句的考点多集中在以下几个方面:
1. 宾语从句的引导词
宾语从句的引导词分为三类:
(1)引导陈述句用that(在口语或非正式文体中常常省略);
(2)引导一般疑问句用if或whether;
(3)引导特殊疑问句,要用原来的疑问词。如:
He tells me (that) he is going shopping this Sunday. 他告诉我说本周日他要去购物。
She asked me if (whether) she could join us.
她问我她是否可以加入我们的队伍。
She asked them what they were doing.
她问他们在做什么。
例 She asked me,“Will you go to the cinema tomorrow? ”(改为含宾语从句的复合句)
She asked me I go to the cinema the next day.
解析:把一个一般疑问句改为宾语从句时,首先加连接词if或whether,然后把疑问句改为陈述句,若主句的谓语动词为过去式,从句的谓语动词也变为相应的过去式。 答案:if/whether,would